Taxonomy for Cybersecurity Threat Attributes and Countermeasures in Smart Manufacturing Systems
arXiv:2401.01374v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: An attack taxonomy offers a consistent and structured classification scheme to systematically understand, identify, and classify cybersecurity threat attributes. However, existing taxonomies only focus on a narrow range of attacks and limited threat attributes, lacking a comprehensive characterization of manufacturing cybersecurity threats. There is little to no focus on characterizing threat actors and their intent, specific system and machine behavioral deviations introduced by cyberattacks, system-level and operational implications of attacks, and potential countermeasures against those attacks. To close this pressing research gap, this work proposes a comprehensive attack taxonomy for a holistic understanding and characterization of c
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Abstract:An attack taxonomy offers a consistent and structured classification scheme to systematically understand, identify, and classify cybersecurity threat attributes. However, existing taxonomies only focus on a narrow range of attacks and limited threat attributes, lacking a comprehensive characterization of manufacturing cybersecurity threats. There is little to no focus on characterizing threat actors and their intent, specific system and machine behavioral deviations introduced by cyberattacks, system-level and operational implications of attacks, and potential countermeasures against those attacks. To close this pressing research gap, this work proposes a comprehensive attack taxonomy for a holistic understanding and characterization of cybersecurity threats in manufacturing systems. Specifically, it introduces taxonomical classifications for threat actors and their intent and potential alterations in system behavior due to threat events. The proposed taxonomy categorizes attack methods/vectors and targets/locations and incorporates operational and system-level attack impacts. This paper also presents a classification structure for countermeasures, provides examples of potential countermeasures, and explains how they fit into the proposed taxonomical classification. Finally, the implementation of the proposed taxonomy is illustrated using two realistic scenarios of attacks on typical smart manufacturing systems, as well as several real-world cyber-physical attack incidents and academic case studies. The developed manufacturing attack taxonomy offers a holistic view of the attack chain in manufacturing systems, starting from the attack launch to the possible damages and system behavior changes within the system. Furthermore, it guides the design and development of appropriate protective and detective countermeasures by leveraging the attack realization through observed system deviations.
Comments: 32 pages, 11 figures. This article has been published in the Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing. Link to the published version: this https URL
Subjects:
Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
Cite as: arXiv:2401.01374 [cs.CR]
(or arXiv:2401.01374v2 [cs.CR] for this version)
https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2401.01374
arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite
Journal reference: Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing, 1-27 (2025)
Related DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10845-025-02719-w
DOI(s) linking to related resources
Submission history
From: Mohammed Shafae [view email] [v1] Sat, 30 Dec 2023 02:11:02 UTC (1,952 KB) [v2] Wed, 1 Apr 2026 23:27:44 UTC (2,694 KB)
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